Block structure

Mazze blocks are encoded as a header plus a list of signed transactions. The header carries both DAG topology information (parent + referees) and execution outputs (deferred roots).

Header fields (BlockHeader)

• parent_hash - parent edge in the tree portion of DETS.

• height - block height on the main chain (epoch height).

• timestamp - unix time used for ordering and PoW checks.

• author - miner/producer address.

• transactions_root - MPT root of transaction hashes.

• deferred_state_root - state root after deferred epoch execution.

• deferred_receipts_root - receipts root for the executed epoch.

• deferred_logs_bloom_hash - bloom for logs in the executed epoch.

• blame - count of ancestors whose deferred roots are incorrect, used for light verification and reward logic.

• difficulty - PoW difficulty for the block.

• adaptive - WLSR adaptive flag used by consensus weighting.

• gas_limit - block gas limit used by packing and verification.

• referee_hashes - extra DAG edges referencing other blocks.

• custom - custom bytes used for fork markers and protocol transitions.

• nonce - PoW nonce.

• base_price - per-space base fee (native and EVM).

Deferred roots and epochs

Execution is deferred by a fixed number of epochs to reduce reorg churn. The header of block N carries roots computed from earlier epoch execution, which is why these fields are labeled "deferred".

Block body

The body is a vector of SignedTransaction. The canonical Block encoding includes transactions without sender/public fields (RLP of TransactionWithSignature), while helper encoders can include the public key when needed for RPC or sync.

Compact blocks

CompactBlock is used for efficient block relay. It includes short IDs derived from a random nonce, so peers can reconstruct the full block from their mempool.

Key source files

• crates/primitives/src/block_header.rs

• crates/primitives/src/block.rs

• crates/mazzecore/core/src/verification.rs