# Block structure

Mazze blocks are encoded as a header plus a list of signed transactions. The header carries both DAG topology information (parent + referees) and execution outputs (deferred roots).

## Header fields (BlockHeader)

* `parent_hash` - parent edge in the tree portion of DETS.
* `height` - block height on the main chain (epoch height).
* `timestamp` - unix time used for ordering and PoW checks.
* `author` - miner/producer address.
* `transactions_root` - MPT root of transaction hashes.
* `deferred_state_root` - state root after deferred epoch execution.
* `deferred_receipts_root` - receipts root for the executed epoch.
* `deferred_logs_bloom_hash` - bloom for logs in the executed epoch.
* `blame` - count of ancestors whose deferred roots are incorrect, used for light verification and reward logic.
* `difficulty` - PoW difficulty for the block.
* `adaptive` - WLSR adaptive flag used by consensus weighting.
* `gas_limit` - block gas limit used by packing and verification.
* `referee_hashes` - extra DAG edges referencing other blocks.
* `custom` - custom bytes used for fork markers and protocol transitions.
* `nonce` - PoW nonce.
* `base_price` - per-space base fee (native and EVM).

## Deferred roots and epochs

Execution is deferred by a fixed number of epochs to reduce reorg churn. The header of block N carries roots computed from earlier epoch execution, which is why these fields are labeled "deferred".

## Block body

The body is a vector of `SignedTransaction`. The canonical `Block` encoding includes transactions without sender/public fields (RLP of `TransactionWithSignature`), while helper encoders can include the public key when needed for RPC or sync.

## Compact blocks

`CompactBlock` is used for efficient block relay. It includes short IDs derived from a random nonce, so peers can reconstruct the full block from their mempool.

## Key source files

* `crates/primitives/src/block_header.rs`
* `crates/primitives/src/block.rs`
* `crates/mazzecore/core/src/verification.rs`